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    <title><![CDATA[Articles by Chetan Bhagat | Galaxy Founder]]></title>
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    <description><![CDATA[Latest multi-category articles and blogs written by Chetan Bhagat, published on Galaxy Founder. Stay informed with trusted insights.]]></description>
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      <title><![CDATA[Wednesday Season 2 Part 2 Release Date: Cast, Timings in India, and What to Expect]]></title>
      <description><![CDATA[<a href="https://www.galaxyfounder.com/news/wednesday-season-2-part-2-release-date-cast-india"><img alt="Wednesday Season 2 Part 2 Release Date: Cast, Timings in India, and What to Expect" border="0" src="https://www.galaxyfounder.com/view/news/Gq1hRp1WEAAmmu1.jpg"></a><p>Wednesday Season 2 returns with Part 2 premiering on September 3, 2025. Discover the complete release schedule, returning and new cast members, episode titles, and the latest on Jenna Ortega’s role. Streaming details for India included.</p>]]></description>
      <link><![CDATA[https://www.galaxyfounder.com/news/wednesday-season-2-part-2-release-date-cast-india]]></link>
      <pubDate>Wed, 06 Aug 2025 23:58:47 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.galaxyfounder.com/news/wednesday-season-2-part-2-release-date-cast-india</guid>
      <dc:creator><![CDATA[Chetan Bhagat]]></dc:creator>
      <category><![CDATA[Wednesday Season 2]]></category>
      <category><![CDATA[Wednesday Netflix release date]]></category>
      <category><![CDATA[Wednesday Season 2 Part 2 release date]]></category>
      <category><![CDATA[Jenna Ortega]]></category>
      <category><![CDATA[Wednesday cast]]></category>
      <category><![CDATA[Wednesday Season 2 India time]]></category>
      <category><![CDATA[Wednesday Season 2 episode titles]]></category>
      <category><![CDATA[Nevermore Academy]]></category>
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<p class="my-0 py-2 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2">Netflix has opted for a staggered release for Wednesday&rsquo;s sophomore season, splitting it into two gripping parts. Part 1&mdash;comprising the first four episodes&mdash;premiered globally on August 6, 2025. Part 2, which features the climactic closing episodes, is scheduled to drop on September 3, 2025, maintaining a tight, suspense-building gap of just under a month between both halves.</p>
<h2 class="mb-2 mt-4 text-base font-[500] first:mt-0 dark:font-[475]">India Streaming Schedule</h2>
<p class="my-0 py-2 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2">For Indian viewers, both Part 1 and Part 2 of Wednesday Season 2 will be available starting at 12:30 pm IST on their respective dates. This aligns Wednesday&rsquo;s launch with global time zones, reinforcing Netflix&rsquo;s strategy of synchronized worldwide drops.</p>
<ul class="marker:text-quiet list-disc">
<li class="py-0 my-0 prose-p:pt-0 prose-p:pb-2 prose-p:my-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pt-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pb-2 [&amp;&gt;p]:my-0">
<p class="my-0 py-2 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2"><strong>Part 1 (Episodes 1&ndash;4):</strong>&nbsp;August 6, 2025, 12:30 pm IST</p>
</li>
<li class="py-0 my-0 prose-p:pt-0 prose-p:pb-2 prose-p:my-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pt-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pb-2 [&amp;&gt;p]:my-0">
<p class="my-0 py-2 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2"><strong>Part 2 (Episodes 5&ndash;8):</strong>&nbsp;September 3, 2025, 12:30 pm IST</p>
</li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
<p class="my-0 py-2 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2">"There's nothing like the communal excitement of a global release," says showrunner Miles Millar. "We wanted Wednesday fans in India to experience every twist and turn at the same moment as the rest of the world."</p>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="what-happened-in-wednesday-season-1" class="mb-2 mt-4 text-base font-[500] first:mt-0 md:text-lg dark:font-[475] [hr+&amp;]:mt-4">What Happened in Wednesday Season 1?</h2>
<p class="my-0 py-2 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2">A refresher for returning fans: Season 1 (released October 2022) introduced audiences to Nevermore Academy, where outcast Wednesday Addams, blessed with psychic abilities, is enrolled after a macabre prank. Across eight episodes, Wednesday investigates a series of supernatural attacks tied to her family&rsquo;s murky past and uncovers a &lsquo;Hyde&rsquo; monster manipulated by a hidden villain. The season ended on a chilling note, with Wednesday&rsquo;s victory shadowed by news of a mysterious stalker, hinting that her troubles were far from over.</p>
<h2 id="season-2-release-structure-and-episode-highlights" class="mb-2 mt-4 text-base font-[500] first:mt-0 md:text-lg dark:font-[475] [hr+&amp;]:mt-4">Season 2: Release Structure and Episode Highlights</h2>
<p class="my-0 py-2 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2">Mirroring other major Netflix franchises, Wednesday Season 2 features eight episodes, split into two parts. This release model aims to maximize global engagement and fuel frantic fan speculation between drops.</p>
<h2 class="mb-2 mt-4 text-base font-[500] first:mt-0 dark:font-[475]">Episode Titles: Part 1</h2>
<ol class="marker:text-quiet list-decimal">
<li class="py-0 my-0 prose-p:pt-0 prose-p:pb-2 prose-p:my-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pt-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pb-2 [&amp;&gt;p]:my-0">
<p class="my-0 py-2 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2">Here We Woe Again</p>
</li>
<li class="py-0 my-0 prose-p:pt-0 prose-p:pb-2 prose-p:my-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pt-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pb-2 [&amp;&gt;p]:my-0">
<p class="my-0 py-2 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2">The Devil You Woe</p>
</li>
<li class="py-0 my-0 prose-p:pt-0 prose-p:pb-2 prose-p:my-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pt-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pb-2 [&amp;&gt;p]:my-0">
<p class="my-0 py-2 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2">Call of the Woe</p>
</li>
<li class="py-0 my-0 prose-p:pt-0 prose-p:pb-2 prose-p:my-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pt-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pb-2 [&amp;&gt;p]:my-0">
<p class="my-0 py-2 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2">If These Woes Could Talk</p>
</li>
</ol>
<p class="my-0 py-2 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2">Part 1 continues directly from the cliffhanger ending of Season 1, with new threats and mysteries for Wednesday to unravel. &ldquo;After a productive summer break, Wednesday returns to Nevermore as a grudging campus celebrity&mdash;and the target of a dangerous stalker,&rdquo; reads the official synopsis for Episode 1.</p>
<blockquote>
<p class="my-0 py-2 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2">&ldquo;The first four episodes have really laid the groundwork for an explosive finale,&rdquo; notes Emma Myers, who plays Enid Sinclair.</p>
</blockquote>
<p class="my-0 py-2 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2">Part 2 (episodes 5&ndash;8) is expected to bring the season&rsquo;s mysteries to a head, with fans speculating major resets in Nevermore&rsquo;s power dynamics.</p>
<h2 id="the-evolving-cast-favorites-return-and-new-faces-a" class="mb-2 mt-4 text-base font-[500] first:mt-0 md:text-lg dark:font-[475] [hr+&amp;]:mt-4">The Evolving Cast: Favorites Return and New Faces Arrive</h2>
<p class="my-0 py-2 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2">One of Wednesday&rsquo;s standout features is its stellar ensemble, blending legacy Addams Family characters with fresh personalities and notable guest stars.</p>
<h2 class="mb-2 mt-4 text-base font-[500] first:mt-0 dark:font-[475]">Main Returning Cast:</h2>
<ul class="marker:text-quiet list-disc">
<li class="py-0 my-0 prose-p:pt-0 prose-p:pb-2 prose-p:my-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pt-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pb-2 [&amp;&gt;p]:my-0">
<p class="my-0 py-2 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2"><strong>Jenna Ortega</strong>&nbsp;as Wednesday Addams</p>
</li>
<li class="py-0 my-0 prose-p:pt-0 prose-p:pb-2 prose-p:my-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pt-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pb-2 [&amp;&gt;p]:my-0">
<p class="my-0 py-2 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2"><strong>Catherine Zeta-Jones</strong>&nbsp;as Morticia Addams</p>
</li>
<li class="py-0 my-0 prose-p:pt-0 prose-p:pb-2 prose-p:my-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pt-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pb-2 [&amp;&gt;p]:my-0">
<p class="my-0 py-2 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2"><strong>Luis Guzm&aacute;n</strong>&nbsp;as Gomez Addams</p>
</li>
<li class="py-0 my-0 prose-p:pt-0 prose-p:pb-2 prose-p:my-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pt-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pb-2 [&amp;&gt;p]:my-0">
<p class="my-0 py-2 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2"><strong>Emma Myers</strong>&nbsp;as Enid Sinclair</p>
</li>
<li class="py-0 my-0 prose-p:pt-0 prose-p:pb-2 prose-p:my-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pt-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pb-2 [&amp;&gt;p]:my-0">
<p class="my-0 py-2 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2"><strong>Isaac Ordonez</strong>&nbsp;as Pugsley Addams</p>
</li>
<li class="py-0 my-0 prose-p:pt-0 prose-p:pb-2 prose-p:my-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pt-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pb-2 [&amp;&gt;p]:my-0">
<p class="my-0 py-2 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2"><strong>Joy Sunday</strong>&nbsp;as Bianca Barclay</p>
</li>
<li class="py-0 my-0 prose-p:pt-0 prose-p:pb-2 prose-p:my-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pt-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pb-2 [&amp;&gt;p]:my-0">
<p class="my-0 py-2 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2"><strong>Moosa Mostafa</strong>&nbsp;as Eugene Ottinger</p>
</li>
<li class="py-0 my-0 prose-p:pt-0 prose-p:pb-2 prose-p:my-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pt-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pb-2 [&amp;&gt;p]:my-0">
<p class="my-0 py-2 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2"><strong>Victor Dorobantu</strong>&nbsp;as Thing</p>
</li>
<li class="py-0 my-0 prose-p:pt-0 prose-p:pb-2 prose-p:my-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pt-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pb-2 [&amp;&gt;p]:my-0">
<p class="my-0 py-2 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2"><strong>Fred Armisen</strong>&nbsp;as Uncle Fester</p>
</li>
<li class="py-0 my-0 prose-p:pt-0 prose-p:pb-2 prose-p:my-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pt-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pb-2 [&amp;&gt;p]:my-0">
<p class="my-0 py-2 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2"><strong>Jamie McShane</strong>&nbsp;as Sheriff Donovan Galpin</p>
</li>
<li class="py-0 my-0 prose-p:pt-0 prose-p:pb-2 prose-p:my-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pt-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pb-2 [&amp;&gt;p]:my-0">
<p class="my-0 py-2 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2"><strong>Luyanda Unati Lewis-Nyawo</strong>&nbsp;as Deputy Ritchie Santiago</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h2 class="mb-2 mt-4 text-base font-[500] first:mt-0 dark:font-[475]">New for Season 2:</h2>
<p class="my-0 py-2 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2">Several acclaimed stars join this season:</p>
<ul class="marker:text-quiet list-disc">
<li class="py-0 my-0 prose-p:pt-0 prose-p:pb-2 prose-p:my-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pt-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pb-2 [&amp;&gt;p]:my-0">
<p class="my-0 py-2 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2"><strong>Steve Buscemi</strong>&nbsp;(in a yet-to-be-revealed enigmatic faculty role)</p>
</li>
<li class="py-0 my-0 prose-p:pt-0 prose-p:pb-2 prose-p:my-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pt-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pb-2 [&amp;&gt;p]:my-0">
<p class="my-0 py-2 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2"><strong>Joanna Lumley</strong>&nbsp;as Grandmama Hester Frump, Morticia&rsquo;s mother</p>
</li>
<li class="py-0 my-0 prose-p:pt-0 prose-p:pb-2 prose-p:my-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pt-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pb-2 [&amp;&gt;p]:my-0">
<p class="my-0 py-2 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2"><strong>Lady Gaga</strong>&nbsp;in a special appearance as Rosaline Rotwood, a legendary Nevermore teacher (featured in Part 2)</p>
</li>
<li class="py-0 my-0 prose-p:pt-0 prose-p:pb-2 prose-p:my-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pt-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pb-2 [&amp;&gt;p]:my-0">
<p class="my-0 py-2 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2"><strong>Noah B. Taylor</strong>&nbsp;as Bruno (Enid&rsquo;s new love interest)</p>
</li>
<li class="py-0 my-0 prose-p:pt-0 prose-p:pb-2 prose-p:my-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pt-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:pb-2 [&amp;&gt;p]:my-0">
<p class="my-0 py-2 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2"><strong>Billie Piper</strong>,&nbsp;<strong>Haley Joel Osment</strong>,&nbsp;<strong>Christopher Lloyd</strong>,&nbsp;<strong>Owen Painter</strong>,&nbsp;<strong>Heather Matarazzo</strong>, and&nbsp;<strong>Thandiwe Newton</strong>&nbsp;all in guest or supporting roles, hinting at a dramatic expansion of Nevermore&rsquo;s world.</p>
</li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
<p class="my-0 py-2 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2">&ldquo;It&rsquo;s really a dream to see the Wednesday universe expanding with both beloved and fresh faces,&rdquo; shares Jenna Ortega. &ldquo;I can&rsquo;t wait for fans to meet Grandmama Hester&mdash;Joanna [Lumley] brings such a sharpness to the character.&rdquo;</p>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="what-to-expect-plot-themes-and-style" class="mb-2 mt-4 text-base font-[500] first:mt-0 md:text-lg dark:font-[475] [hr+&amp;]:mt-4">What to Expect: Plot Themes and Style</h2>
<p class="my-0 py-2 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2">Showrunners Alfred Gough and Miles Millar promise a &ldquo;deeper dive into Wednesday&rsquo;s psyche, her psychic powers, and a campus rocked by supernatural conspiracies.&rdquo; Series star Jenna Ortega told Variety the new season deliberately leans further into horror, &ldquo;ditching any romantic love interest for Wednesday&rdquo; and focusing on &ldquo;her fight against an even more insidious threat&rdquo;.</p>
<p class="my-0 py-2 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2">The new season also touts more intricate character arcs for supporting students like Enid and Bianca, as well as deeper insight into the Addams family&rsquo;s history and alumni secrets at Nevermore.</p>
<h2 id="release-strategy-building-on-a-netflix-phenomenon" class="mb-2 mt-4 text-base font-[500] first:mt-0 md:text-lg dark:font-[475] [hr+&amp;]:mt-4">Release Strategy: Building on a Netflix Phenomenon</h2>
<p class="my-0 py-2 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2">Splitting the season has quickly become a Netflix hallmark, as seen with titles like Bridgerton and Stranger Things. This approach keeps audience engagement up, leveraging speculation and social conversation. Wednesday&rsquo;s first season broke Netflix records, and studio executives are keen to build on that momentum.</p>
<blockquote>
<p class="my-0 py-2 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2">&ldquo;Fans have always driven Wednesday&rsquo;s success,&rdquo; executive producer Kayla Alpert notes. &ldquo;With this staggered model, we get to make the ride last a little longer.&rdquo;</p>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="how-to-watch-confirmed-platforms-and-viewing-detai" class="mb-2 mt-4 text-base font-[500] first:mt-0 md:text-lg dark:font-[475] [hr+&amp;]:mt-4">How to Watch: Confirmed Platforms and Viewing Details</h2>
<p class="my-0 py-2 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2">Wednesday Season 2 streams exclusively on Netflix. All episodes are available in 4K with multilingual support, continuing Netflix&rsquo;s commitment to accessibility and premium streaming for global subscribers.</p>
<p class="my-0 py-2 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2">For viewers in India, the 12:30 pm IST drop means fans can avoid spoilers and join in global discussions in real time. Each part&rsquo;s four episodes can be streamed back-to-back or at leisure.</p>]]></content:encoded>
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    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Is July 7 a School Holiday? Muharram 2025 Update]]></title>
      <description><![CDATA[<a href="https://www.galaxyfounder.com/news/is-july-7-a-school-holiday-muharram-2025-update"><img alt="Is July 7 a School Holiday? Muharram 2025 Update" border="0" src="https://www.galaxyfounder.com/view/live/Gum_uXVWkAAaN77.jpg"></a><p>Muharram 2025 falls on July 7. Is it a school holiday? Here’s the confirmed status and full July school holiday list.</p>]]></description>
      <link><![CDATA[https://www.galaxyfounder.com/news/is-july-7-a-school-holiday-muharram-2025-update]]></link>
      <pubDate>Sat, 05 Jul 2025 03:16:20 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.galaxyfounder.com/news/is-july-7-a-school-holiday-muharram-2025-update</guid>
      <dc:creator><![CDATA[Chetan Bhagat]]></dc:creator>
      <category><![CDATA[Muharram 2025]]></category>
      <category><![CDATA[July 7 school holiday]]></category>
      <category><![CDATA[school holiday list July India]]></category>
      <category><![CDATA[school closed on July 7]]></category>
      <category><![CDATA[Muharram school closure]]></category>
      <category><![CDATA[public holiday July]]></category>
      <category><![CDATA[school holiday news]]></category>
      <media:content xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://www.galaxyfounder.com/view/live/Gum_uXVWkAAaN77.jpg" medium="image" width="1200" height="675" />
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img src="https://www.galaxyfounder.com/view/live/Gum_uXVWkAAaN77.jpg"></p>
<h3 data-start="750" data-end="826">📢 Muharram 2025: Is July 7 a School Holiday? Here's the Official Status</h3>
<p data-start="828" data-end="997">As students and parents prepare for the second half of the academic year, a pressing question has emerged: <strong data-start="935" data-end="997">Is Monday, July 7, 2025, a school holiday due to Muharram?</strong></p>
<p data-start="999" data-end="1166">The answer: <strong data-start="1011" data-end="1068">Yes, July 7 is a public holiday in most Indian states</strong> due to <strong data-start="1076" data-end="1088">Muharram</strong>, the first month of the Islamic calendar and a day of mourning in Shia Islam.</p>
<hr data-start="1168" data-end="1171">
<h3 data-start="1173" data-end="1214">🗓️ Muharram 2025 Confirmed on July 7</h3>
<p data-start="1216" data-end="1471">The Islamic New Year (1st Muharram) begins on <strong data-start="1262" data-end="1280">Sunday, July 6</strong>, and <strong data-start="1286" data-end="1351">Ashura &mdash; the 10th day of Muharram &mdash; falls on Tuesday, July 15</strong>. However, <strong data-start="1362" data-end="1446">the day marked as a public holiday in most regions is the 1st or 2nd of Muharram</strong>, depending on the state.</p>
<p data-start="1473" data-end="1588">In <strong data-start="1476" data-end="1552">2025, the central government holiday calendar designates July 7 (Monday)</strong> as a gazetted holiday for Muharram.</p>
<blockquote data-start="1590" data-end="1819">
<p data-start="1592" data-end="1819">&ldquo;Our school has already issued a circular confirming July 7 as a holiday,&rdquo; said Meena R, principal of a CBSE school in Chennai. &ldquo;We advise parents to double-check with local authorities since state calendars may vary slightly.&rdquo;</p>
</blockquote>
<hr data-start="1821" data-end="1824">
<h3 data-start="1826" data-end="1872">🏫 What Other School Holidays Are in July?</h3>
<p data-start="1874" data-end="1956">Here&rsquo;s a look at the <strong data-start="1895" data-end="1934">likely school holidays in July 2025</strong>, apart from weekends:</p>
<ul data-start="1958" data-end="2181">
<li data-start="1958" data-end="2023">
<p data-start="1960" data-end="2023"><strong data-start="1960" data-end="1989">July 7 (Monday): Muharram</strong> (Public Holiday in most states)</p>
</li>
<li data-start="2024" data-end="2115">
<p data-start="2026" data-end="2115"><strong data-start="2026" data-end="2060">July 13 (Sunday): Guru Purnima</strong> (Not a public holiday, but some schools may observe)</p>
</li>
<li data-start="2116" data-end="2181">
<p data-start="2118" data-end="2181"><strong data-start="2118" data-end="2147">July 15 (Tuesday): Ashura</strong> (Observed by some institutions)</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p data-start="2183" data-end="2287">Parents should <strong data-start="2198" data-end="2238">consult state-specific holiday lists</strong> or their school&rsquo;s academic calendar for clarity.</p>
<hr data-start="2289" data-end="2292">
<h3 data-start="2294" data-end="2310">✅ Conclusion</h3>
<p data-start="2312" data-end="2542">To sum up, <strong data-start="2323" data-end="2397">July 7, 2025, is a confirmed school holiday for most students in India</strong> due to Muharram. However, as holiday calendars can vary by state board and institution, it&rsquo;s best to verify with your school or district office.</p>]]></content:encoded>
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      <title><![CDATA[India Returns to Space: Shubhanshu Shukla Aboard ISS]]></title>
      <description><![CDATA[<a href="https://www.galaxyfounder.com/news/india-returns-to-space-shubhanshu-shukla-aboard-iss"><img alt="India Returns to Space: Shubhanshu Shukla Aboard ISS" border="0" src="https://www.galaxyfounder.com/view/afmar/india-returns-to-space-shubhanshu-shukla-aboard-iss.jpg"></a><p>41 years after Rakesh Sharma, Shubhanshu Shukla becomes the first Indian aboard the ISS, marking India’s historic return to human spaceflight.</p>]]></description>
      <link><![CDATA[https://www.galaxyfounder.com/news/india-returns-to-space-shubhanshu-shukla-aboard-iss]]></link>
      <pubDate>Wed, 25 Jun 2025 04:52:58 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.galaxyfounder.com/news/india-returns-to-space-shubhanshu-shukla-aboard-iss</guid>
      <dc:creator><![CDATA[Chetan Bhagat]]></dc:creator>
      <category><![CDATA[India ISS astronaut]]></category>
      <category><![CDATA[Shubhanshu Shukla space]]></category>
      <category><![CDATA[Axiom4 mission]]></category>
      <category><![CDATA[Indian space mission 2025]]></category>
      <category><![CDATA[India human spaceflight]]></category>
      <category><![CDATA[Rakesh Sharma successor]]></category>
      <category><![CDATA[SpaceX Falcon 9 India]]></category>
      <category><![CDATA[ISS Indian astronaut]]></category>
      <category><![CDATA[Gaganyaan inspiration]]></category>
      <category><![CDATA[India space exploration]]></category>
      <category><![CDATA[Axiom Space mission]]></category>
      <category><![CDATA[Shukla ISS journey]]></category>
      <media:content xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://www.galaxyfounder.com/view/afmar/india-returns-to-space-shubhanshu-shukla-aboard-iss.jpg" medium="image" width="1200" height="675" />
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p data-start="705" data-end="1008"><strong data-start="705" data-end="738"><img src="https://www.galaxyfounder.com/view/afmar/india-returns-to-space-shubhanshu-shukla-aboard-iss.jpg"></strong></p>
<p data-start="705" data-end="1008"><strong data-start="705" data-end="738">KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLORIDA</strong> &mdash; Forty-one years. That&rsquo;s how long India waited for the next chapter in its human space odyssey. And today, that chapter begins&mdash;scripted in the black void above Earth, aboard the International Space Station (ISS), with the tricolour gently floating alongside the stars.</p>
<p data-start="1010" data-end="1218">Shubhanshu Shukla, a decorated Group Captain of the Indian Air Force, has etched his name into the cosmos as the second Indian in history to journey beyond our atmosphere, and the first ever to reach the ISS.</p>
<hr data-start="1220" data-end="1223">
<h2 data-start="1225" data-end="1267">A Nation&rsquo;s Gaze Turns Skyward Once More</h2>
<p data-start="1269" data-end="1548">When <strong data-start="1274" data-end="1291">Rakesh Sharma</strong> famously replied "Saare Jahan Se Achha" to then Prime Minister Indira Gandhi in 1984, he became not just an astronaut but a cultural icon. Yet for four decades, India&rsquo;s presence in human spaceflight remained suspended in memory, more poetic than practical.</p>
<p data-start="1550" data-end="1560">Until now.</p>
<p data-start="1562" data-end="1915">At 12:01 PM IST on Wednesday, <strong data-start="1592" data-end="1613">SpaceX&rsquo;s Falcon 9</strong> roared to life at the Kennedy Space Center, carrying aboard it four passengers of the <strong data-start="1700" data-end="1719">Axiom-4 mission</strong>&mdash;among them, a son of Uttar Pradesh who dreamed of the stars. As the booster vanished into the Floridian sky, so too did the metaphorical weight of a nation&rsquo;s long absence from the final frontier.</p>
<hr data-start="1917" data-end="1920">
<h2 data-start="1922" data-end="1964">Meet the Crew: A Symbol of Global Unity</h2>
<p data-start="1966" data-end="2096">The Axiom-4 mission is more than a technological milestone; it is a celebration of global cooperation. Shukla&rsquo;s crewmates include:</p>
<ul data-start="2098" data-end="2429">
<li data-start="2098" data-end="2240">
<p data-start="2100" data-end="2240"><strong data-start="2100" data-end="2123">Peggy Whitson (USA)</strong>: Former NASA astronaut and mission commander, holding the record for most cumulative days in space by an American.</p>
</li>
<li data-start="2241" data-end="2334">
<p data-start="2243" data-end="2334"><strong data-start="2243" data-end="2272">Sławosz Uznański (Poland)</strong>: An engineer representing Poland&rsquo;s renewed space ambitions.</p>
</li>
<li data-start="2335" data-end="2429">
<p data-start="2337" data-end="2429"><strong data-start="2337" data-end="2361">Tibor Kapu (Hungary)</strong>: A space researcher rekindling Hungary&rsquo;s legacy in orbital science.</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p data-start="2431" data-end="2555">Each astronaut carries the hopes of their homeland&mdash;and for India, this is nothing short of a renaissance in space diplomacy.</p>
<hr data-start="2557" data-end="2560">
<h2 data-start="2562" data-end="2611">Tears, Cheers, and Tricolour Dreams in Lucknow</h2>
<p data-start="2613" data-end="2933">At <strong data-start="2616" data-end="2653">City Montessori School in Lucknow</strong>, where Shukla once studied, the auditorium became a cathedral of emotion. As the live feed counted down to liftoff, students, teachers, and Shukla&rsquo;s proud parents held hands. When Falcon 9 took flight, the crowd erupted&mdash;not in noise, but in reverent silence, punctuated by tears.</p>
<p data-start="2935" data-end="3113">&ldquo;This is not just about science,&rdquo; said <strong data-start="2974" data-end="2989">Asha Shukla</strong>, the astronaut&rsquo;s mother. &ldquo;It&rsquo;s about belief&mdash;believing that a boy from a small school in Lucknow can one day touch the sky.&rdquo;</p>
<hr data-start="3115" data-end="3118">
<h2 data-start="3120" data-end="3147">A Message From the Stars</h2>
<p data-start="3149" data-end="3318">Just ten minutes after launch, the Dragon capsule&mdash;<strong data-start="3199" data-end="3218">nicknamed Grace</strong>&mdash;entered low Earth orbit. Shukla&rsquo;s voice, calm but full of conviction, crackled over ground control:</p>
<blockquote data-start="3320" data-end="3474">
<p data-start="3322" data-end="3474">&ldquo;Namaskar, mere pyaare deshvaasiyon. 41 saal baad, hum phir space mein hain.&rdquo;<br data-start="3399" data-end="3402"><em data-start="3404" data-end="3474">Hello, my beloved countrymen. After 41 years, we are in space again.</em></p>
</blockquote>
<p data-start="3476" data-end="3661">Donning a navy-blue flight suit embroidered with the Indian flag, Shukla added, &ldquo;This journey is not mine alone&mdash;it belongs to every child who looked up at the stars and dared to dream.&rdquo;</p>
<hr data-start="3663" data-end="3666">
<h2 data-start="3668" data-end="3713">What&rsquo;s Next: 14 Days of Science and Legacy</h2>
<p data-start="3715" data-end="3886">Shukla and his colleagues are scheduled to <strong data-start="3758" data-end="3805">dock with the ISS by Thursday evening (IST)</strong>, where they will spend <strong data-start="3829" data-end="3871">14 days conducting over 60 experiments</strong>, ranging from:</p>
<ul data-start="3888" data-end="4089">
<li data-start="3888" data-end="3937">
<p data-start="3890" data-end="3937">Microgravity&rsquo;s impact on human muscle atrophy</p>
</li>
<li data-start="3938" data-end="3987">
<p data-start="3940" data-end="3987">New radiation shielding for deep space travel</p>
</li>
<li data-start="3988" data-end="4038">
<p data-start="3990" data-end="4038">Real-time Earth imaging for climate monitoring</p>
</li>
<li data-start="4039" data-end="4089">
<p data-start="4041" data-end="4089">AI-assisted diagnostics in isolated environments</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p data-start="4091" data-end="4244">Importantly, these experiments are designed not just for academia but for <strong data-start="4165" data-end="4192">real-world applications</strong>&mdash;from remote medicine to advanced farming practices.</p>
<hr data-start="4246" data-end="4249">
<h2 data-start="4251" data-end="4288">Food, Culture, and a Taste of Home</h2>
<p data-start="4290" data-end="4386">In a symbolic gesture, each astronaut brought flavors of their homeland to share aboard the ISS.</p>
<p data-start="4388" data-end="4592">Shukla&rsquo;s package? <strong data-start="4406" data-end="4453">Dal makhani, basmati rice, and mango nectar</strong>&mdash;carefully vacuum-sealed and space-certified. &ldquo;I want my crewmates to taste India,&rdquo; he said. &ldquo;It&rsquo;s not just spice&mdash;it&rsquo;s story, it&rsquo;s memory.&rdquo;</p>
<hr data-start="4594" data-end="4597">
<h2 data-start="4599" data-end="4626">Why This Mission Matters</h2>
<p data-start="4628" data-end="4822">Beyond national pride and scientific inquiry, <strong data-start="4674" data-end="4710">Axiom-4 signals a cultural shift</strong>. It reflects India&rsquo;s changing posture in global space affairs&mdash;from a quiet observer to a confident participant.</p>
<p data-start="4824" data-end="4879">Space policy analyst <strong data-start="4845" data-end="4867">Dr. Meera Kulkarni</strong> explains:</p>
<blockquote data-start="4880" data-end="5081">
<p data-start="4882" data-end="5081">&ldquo;This isn&rsquo;t just about one astronaut. It&rsquo;s about creating a pipeline of opportunities. With Gaganyaan around the corner, India is positioning itself not just as a launch partner&mdash;but a launch leader.&rdquo;</p>
</blockquote>
<hr data-start="5083" data-end="5086">
<h2 data-start="5088" data-end="5119">Contradictions in the Cosmos</h2>
<p data-start="5121" data-end="5159">Still, not all voices are celebratory.</p>
<p data-start="5161" data-end="5352">Critics argue that the mission, conducted by a <strong data-start="5208" data-end="5241">private US firm (Axiom Space)</strong> and funded in part by international sponsors, showcases <strong data-start="5298" data-end="5313">India&rsquo;s lag</strong> in developing indigenous capabilities.</p>
<p data-start="5354" data-end="5485">&ldquo;Shukla flew aboard an American rocket, not an Indian one,&rdquo; said <strong data-start="5419" data-end="5456">defense commentator Praveen Menon</strong>. &ldquo;That distinction matters.&rdquo;</p>
<p data-start="5487" data-end="5638">But for most Indians, the nuance takes a backseat to the narrative: that of a boy from Lucknow who broke free from gravity, literally and figuratively.</p>
<hr data-start="5640" data-end="5643">
<h2 data-start="5645" data-end="5668">A Sky Without Limits</h2>
<p data-start="5670" data-end="5800">As Shukla prepares for his two-week stay in orbit, millions of Indians watch with newfound awe&mdash;not just in him, but in themselves.</p>
<p data-start="5802" data-end="5990">In the classrooms of Darbhanga, the fields of Punjab, the bylanes of Bengaluru, a quiet revolution brews. Children are asking questions again. About galaxies, about rockets, about purpose.</p>
<p data-start="5992" data-end="6042">And that, perhaps, is the real payload of Axiom-4.</p>
<hr data-start="6044" data-end="6047">
<h2 data-start="6049" data-end="6094">Final Thoughts: The Long Arc of Aspiration</h2>
<p data-start="6096" data-end="6269">Rakesh Sharma once floated in zero gravity and looked back at Earth with poetic clarity. Now, Shubhanshu Shukla follows&mdash;not as a repeat of history, but as a <strong data-start="6253" data-end="6268">reawakening</strong>.</p>
<p data-start="6271" data-end="6477">In a world fractured by war, heatwaves, and disinformation, a single rocket launch has united 1.4 billion hearts under the sky. Not because of where it launched from&mdash;but because of <strong data-start="6452" data-end="6477">what it lifted: hope.</strong></p>]]></content:encoded>
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      <title><![CDATA[NASA Study Reveals Ancient Clay on Mars Could Have Sheltered Early Life]]></title>
      <description><![CDATA[<a href="https://www.galaxyfounder.com/news/nasa-study-reveals-ancient-clay-on-mars-could-have-sheltered-early-life"><img alt="NASA Study Reveals Ancient Clay on Mars Could Have Sheltered Early Life" border="0" src="https://www.galaxyfounder.com/view/news/nasas-search-for-life.jpg"></a><p>New NASA-led research suggests thick clay deposits on Mars may have once harbored life, offering clues to the planet’s potential habitability billions of years ago.</p>]]></description>
      <link><![CDATA[https://www.galaxyfounder.com/news/nasa-study-reveals-ancient-clay-on-mars-could-have-sheltered-early-life]]></link>
      <pubDate>Wed, 18 Jun 2025 04:43:19 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.galaxyfounder.com/news/nasa-study-reveals-ancient-clay-on-mars-could-have-sheltered-early-life</guid>
      <dc:creator><![CDATA[Chetan Bhagat]]></dc:creator>
      <category><![CDATA[Mars clay deposits]]></category>
      <category><![CDATA[NASA Mars study]]></category>
      <category><![CDATA[ancient Martian life]]></category>
      <category><![CDATA[Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter findings]]></category>
      <category><![CDATA[Martian habitability]]></category>
      <category><![CDATA[Martian clay habitat]]></category>
      <category><![CDATA[Mars life discovery]]></category>
      <category><![CDATA[NASA astrobiology research]]></category>
      <category><![CDATA[life on Mars theory]]></category>
      <category><![CDATA[Mars thick clay layers]]></category>
      <media:content xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://www.galaxyfounder.com/view/news/nasas-search-for-life.jpg" medium="image" width="1200" height="675" />
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img src="https://www.galaxyfounder.com/view/news/nasas-search-for-life.jpg"></p>
<p data-start="917" data-end="1163">In a major stride toward answering the age-old question of whether life ever existed beyond Earth, a new NASA-led study has revealed that <strong data-start="1055" data-end="1084">thick clay layers on Mars</strong> may have once provided a stable and protective haven for primitive life forms.</p>
<p data-start="1165" data-end="1453">Using high-resolution data from the <strong data-start="1201" data-end="1238">Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO)</strong>, scientists have pinpointed mineral-rich zones, particularly in the <strong data-start="1307" data-end="1324">Mawrth Vallis</strong> and <strong data-start="1329" data-end="1344">Nili Fossae</strong> regions, where ancient clay formations likely developed in the presence of water over 3.8 billion years ago.</p>
<blockquote data-start="1455" data-end="1690">
<p data-start="1457" data-end="1690">&ldquo;This discovery deepens our understanding of ancient Martian environments,&rdquo; said Dr. Jennifer Logan, the study&rsquo;s lead researcher at NASA&rsquo;s Jet Propulsion Laboratory. &ldquo;Clay is like a time capsule&mdash;it preserves what the surface erases.&rdquo;</p>
</blockquote>
<hr data-start="1692" data-end="1695">
<h2 data-start="1697" data-end="1748"><strong data-start="1700" data-end="1748">Clay: The Unsung Hero in the Search for Life</strong></h2>
<p data-start="1750" data-end="2079">On Earth, clay minerals are known for their unique ability to <strong data-start="1812" data-end="1854">protect and preserve organic molecules</strong>, offering shelter from ultraviolet rays and harsh oxidation. The new findings suggest that similar conditions once existed on Mars, and could have offered microbial life a chance not just to survive&mdash;but possibly even thrive.</p>
<p data-start="2081" data-end="2404">The clay-rich terrains, identified through spectroscopic analysis from MRO&rsquo;s <strong data-start="2158" data-end="2222">CRISM (Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars)</strong>, show clear signs of prolonged water interaction. Unlike many dry and irradiated Martian areas, these locations may have sustained <strong data-start="2354" data-end="2382">stable, wet environments</strong> for extended periods.</p>
<hr data-start="2406" data-end="2409">
<h2 data-start="2411" data-end="2441"><strong data-start="2414" data-end="2441">Red Planet&rsquo;s Blue Past?</strong></h2>
<p data-start="2443" data-end="2860">While today&rsquo;s Mars is a cold desert world, its past tells a different story. Scientists believe that billions of years ago, Mars had <strong data-start="2576" data-end="2635">flowing rivers, lakes, and possibly even shallow oceans</strong>. The clay formations found are likely sedimentary in nature, formed as volcanic ash or dust settled into standing bodies of water and chemically altered into phyllosilicates&mdash;a process that <strong data-start="2825" data-end="2859">requires the presence of water</strong>.</p>
<blockquote data-start="2862" data-end="3026">
<p data-start="2864" data-end="3026">&ldquo;The chemistry we&rsquo;re seeing is compatible with life-supporting conditions,&rdquo; said Dr. Logan. &ldquo;It doesn&rsquo;t confirm life&mdash;but it means Mars had the right ingredients.&rdquo;</p>
</blockquote>
<hr data-start="3028" data-end="3031">
<h2 data-start="3033" data-end="3060"><strong data-start="3036" data-end="3060">Drilling for Answers</strong></h2>
<p data-start="3062" data-end="3400">With these findings, Mars rovers like <strong data-start="3100" data-end="3116">Perseverance</strong>, currently exploring the Jezero Crater (another clay-rich area), could hold the key to unlocking Martian history. It is collecting samples for a future mission that aims to bring them back to Earth&mdash;perhaps the most important step yet in confirming or ruling out ancient Martian life.</p>
<hr data-start="3402" data-end="3405">
<h2 data-start="3407" data-end="3450"><strong data-start="3410" data-end="3450">FAQs: Quick Answers to Big Questions</strong></h2>
<p data-start="3452" data-end="3740"><strong data-start="3452" data-end="3514">Q1: Why is clay important for the search for life on Mars?</strong><br data-start="3514" data-end="3517">Clay can trap and preserve organic materials for billions of years, especially if it formed in wet, stable environments. It acts as a <strong data-start="3651" data-end="3669">natural shield</strong>, protecting potential biosignatures from cosmic radiation and erosion.</p>
<p data-start="3742" data-end="3988"><strong data-start="3742" data-end="3797">Q2: Does this discovery prove life existed on Mars?</strong><br data-start="3797" data-end="3800">No. While the conditions were <strong data-start="3830" data-end="3855">potentially habitable</strong>, there is <strong data-start="3866" data-end="3896">no direct evidence of life</strong> yet. However, the clay layers make these areas strong candidates for further investigation.</p>
<p data-start="3990" data-end="4287"><strong data-start="3990" data-end="4052">Q3: What&rsquo;s the next step in exploring these clay deposits?</strong><br data-start="4052" data-end="4055">NASA&rsquo;s Perseverance rover is already collecting clay-rich samples. Future missions&mdash;including the <strong data-start="4152" data-end="4182">Mars Sample Return Mission</strong> planned with the European Space Agency&mdash;aim to bring these materials back for detailed analysis on Earth.</p>
<hr data-start="4289" data-end="4292">
<h2 data-start="4294" data-end="4335"><strong data-start="4297" data-end="4335">A New Chapter in the Martian Story</strong></h2>
<p data-start="4337" data-end="4663">This discovery arrives at a pivotal moment in space exploration, as space agencies around the world ramp up efforts to uncover signs of life on other planets. The presence of <strong data-start="4512" data-end="4539">ancient, preserved clay</strong> is more than a geological footnote&mdash;it&rsquo;s a beacon guiding future missions toward Mars&rsquo; most promising biosignature hotspots.</p>
<p data-start="4665" data-end="4801">And as we dig deeper&mdash;literally and scientifically&mdash;into the Red Planet&rsquo;s mysterious past, the case for a once-living Mars grows stronger.</p>
<blockquote data-start="4803" data-end="4964">
<p data-start="4805" data-end="4964">&ldquo;We&rsquo;re not just looking at rocks,&rdquo; said Dr. Logan. &ldquo;We&rsquo;re reading chapters from the planet&rsquo;s lost history. And some of those pages may tell the story of life.&rdquo;</p>
</blockquote>]]></content:encoded>
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